The Regions of Colonial America Essay - 864 Words

By the 1700’s, New England, the Chesapeake region and the Southern Colonies developed into three distinct societies, despite coming from the same mother country, England. The regions of Colonial America each had a distinctive culture and economy entirely different from the other regions. Religion and religious tolerance was completely different in each region, running from being free to complete persecution. Ethnicity and racial composition ranged from almost complete British descent to a wide range of composition. Each region was politically and economically structured different and had its own identity. Each developed differently based on immigration trends, geography and other features. Throughout the colonization of Colonial America,†¦show more content†¦These colonists were motivated by greed and saw a better opportunity to become rich. Therefore the settlers came over from England. A Virginia ship list in 1625 reports the number of people to be transported to Vi rginia (Doc C). In comparison to New England, there were very few women or families. Most of the people were men of about 20-30 years of age. The ratios and ages suggest that these people were looking to make money over starting families. The Chesapeake colonies were mostly funded by England. The Governor of Virginia, William Berkeley, asked the King of England to help out (Doc G). These colonies maintained fairly close relations with England. They considered themselves part of and under England, and still owed allegiance to England. The Chesapeake region had a colonial assembly. These were mostly local people of the colony. There was also a governor who was appointed by the King of England. The local people of the colony - the colonial assembly- and the English appointed governor shared political power over the region. The House of Burgesses was established in 1619 and was the first representative government in the New World. Similar to the Chesapeake region, the Southern colonies were founded by the upper class and gentry of England. The reason for this was that there were vast areas of land available that were valuable for farming. The Carolinas wereShow MoreRelatedComparing and Contrasting the Colonial Regions Established in British North America1180 Words   |  5 PagesComparing and Contrasting the Colonial Regions Established in British North America British North America by the mid 1700’s consisted of three major regions. The New England region included the colonies of Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island. The Middle Region included the colonies of New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Delaware. The Southern Region, also known as the Chesapeake Colonies, included the Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, andRead MoreThe Impact of Religion on the Development of Colonial America1030 Words   |  5 Pagesthe development of colonial society (to 1740) in TWO of the following regions: New England Chesapeake Middle Atlantic The Impact of Religion on the Development of Colonial America During the seventeenth century, colonial America was welcoming many newcomers, several from England. Quantities of these newcomers were seeking land for economic purposes as others were longing for religious toleration. Many of the English colonists settled in the New England region for religious freedomsRead MoreColonial America And The Revolutionary War1110 Words   |  5 PagesColonial America’s history from European settlement to the revolutionary war is a story that is best understood when told from multiple perspectives. It is a history that is not one of just the European immigrants, but also the African Americans and American Indians as well, with each ethnic group playing their own role in the development of the region. Although each group’s perspective may not be the same, their collective history is what makes Colonial America. Thus, through analyzing the variousRead MoreThe British North American Colonies857 Words   |  4 Pages At the dawn of the 17th Century, England was in a suitable position to colonize North America. England had finally reached peace with Spain, and England had many workers willing to travel to America for a chance at religious freedom, affluence, and exploration. Aided by the funding of the Virginia Company, roughly one hundred English settlers landed on the North American shore in 1607, at a place they would name Jamestown. In the ensuing decades, more people traveled to this new land, and theyRead MoreThe New England And Chesapeake935 Words   |  4 PagesIn the 1600s, America began colonization. Each colony had a specific goal or aspiration that it planned to achieve. These colonies were separated into different regions among America. Two specific regions that many historians tend to articulate about. Consisting of Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, and New Hampshire, the New England region presents many intriguing ways of achieving their goals. Likewise, the Chesapeake Bay , which contain Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina and part of SouthRead MoreEssay on American Colonization1660 Words   |  7 PagesToday, many people see America to be the land of opportunity and wealth. During the beginnings of the New World, this fact was relevant to the Europeans as well. The growing powers competed for land in America in order to become the omnipotent country of Europe. However, because America was overseas from Europe and direct supervision by the monarch was not possible, the land of opportunity was restricted to the European countries. Eventually, as history shows, all of the European powers who colonizedRead MoreThe Role Of Ethnicity And Its Effects On The Development Of Africa, Latin America, And Southeast Asia1106 Words   |  5 PagesEthnicity was a major factor in the colonization of Africa, Latin America, and Southeast Asia and still has a large impact on LDCs today. The different ethnicities or regional, political, economic and cultural factors were often manipulated by the European rulers to contrivance a ‘divide and conquer’ technique and hegemony in the LDCs. The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of ethnicity in LDCs in Africa, Latin America, and Southeast Asia on contemporary politics. First, a brief overviewRead MoreThe Decline Of The Colonial Era929 Words   |  4 PagesThe Colonial era was the beginnings of what was to become the United States of America. The transition from the Colonial period to what is now known as the United State came by way of the American Revolution. The American Revolution led to the birth of a nation which in turn led to its westward expansion. The westward expansion exposed internal conflicts, between the North and the South, eventually leading to the Civil War. The development of America was birth through the merger of the Colonial eraRead MoreEarly civilization of North America1575 Words   |  6 PagesEarly civilization of North America With the discovery of America, several emigrants started moving to this newly discovered land. As a result of this, numerous colonies were formed in America. The Spanish settlers were the first to immigrate to America. They formed colonies in the West Indies, Mexico and South America. On the other hand, English emigrants arrived to New England, Virginia and other parts of America, which later formed the United States. Immigration to the â€Å"New World† took pace inRead MoreDifferences in Development between the Chesapeake Regions and New England 1555 Words   |  7 PagesChesapeake Regions and New England The seventeenth and early eighteenth century, brought thousands of immigrants to America in pursuit of freedom and a new life. Some desired freedom from religious persecution, others wanted a chance to be free from the poverty that ensnared them in England Thus the American colonies were formed. Although the colonies were all united under British rule, they eventually separated into various regions including the Chesapeake region, the New England region, the Middle

High Anxiety With Mixed Emotions - 911 Words

Being deployed through Matterhorn caused high anxiety with mixed emotions. The soldiers you become family with and you learn that the higher ranking officers are not your friends or family. The racial problems are brought from home to the jungle and even though you fight side by side with these attitudes, a worry of trouble erupting in your own company is a constant. We are taken through the Vietnam War encountering the entire struggle, heartache, and gripping physical and mental pain from the deployed soldiers barely old enough to obtain a driver’s license. The plans placed on paper constituting plans of attack are not sufficient for the current war zone and the colonel whom is nowhere near just wants the men to keep going no matter what the cost. The goal of the directing rank is to keep the body count of the Vietnamese high and they are not against turning reported probables into confirmed numbers. Marlantes insight into Matterhorn was appalling; the men were treated with the utmost disrespect when it came to their basic needs. The lack of resupply, â€Å"FAC-man, the company’s enlisted forward air controller, has once again not been able to talk a resupply chopper down through the clouds, so this had been the fourth day without resupply,† limited the men from functioning properly. The men who had been injured were holding on to hope that a medivac would come. To me this is completely unacceptable. These men were sent to Vietnam to fight a war they did not startShow MoreRelatedThe Link Between Anxiety And Depression1352 Words   |  6 PagesResearch Topic: â€Å"Anxiety and depression are often linked, experts say, as dealing with long-term anxiety can lead to depression, or one may feel anxious about their battle with depression.† In order to talk about the â€Å"link† between Anxiety and Depression, there is a word that must be discussed: comorbidity. 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They also explore generalized anxiety patients to see

Marketing Development and Competitiveness †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Development and Competitiveness. Answer: Introduction The report deals with an international tourism company that provides various online services to its customers. Here the company is Australia based TravelOnline. There is a vivid description about the company and discussion on the supply chain management of the company. In mentioning this, there are various strategies that the company adopts for trying to maintain a sustainable value chain. The report also shows that there exist a linkage between activities of the company and sustainability in the value chain. The company selected here TravelOnline was established in the year 1994. The company boosts of providing high-end quality service to the clients so that passengers have an unforgettable experience that lasts a lifetime. Over the years, the company grew as leading online travel agent specializing in Australia, New Zealand, USA, Middle East and Asia Pacific. The company expected to generate a market share of $1,091 billion by the year 2022 with an annual revenue generation of 12.8%. The company however boasts of few things that include their trained consultants who offer personal service that helps the clients through the process of booking a holiday that suits them ideally. The company also provides specialized holiday packages like at competitive prices that also include exclusive deals from prime industry partners. Some of the packages include Designer Luxe on the Gold Coast at $ 1399, Bali Early Bird Saver at $915, Relax in Vietnam at $1479. The company is Australian owned and operated with head offices in Brisbane, Queensland. The quality standards of the company are not only high but the company also makes sure that the safety of the passengers remain their utmost priority (Bundy, 2012). The company also ensures hospitality of their clients by welcoming them at the airport and departing them to their destined location or hotel. The company also has contacts with major hotels chains for distributing their services and promotions to the partners on regular basis. Moreover, the packages offered by the company provide a set of well-designed activities, transfers and accommodation for the clients at a comparatively low price. However, the company believes in the mission of providing a journey to the clients that is not only flawless but remains cherished with loads of memories (Lukaitis Davey, 2012). The company also believes in providing highest quality hospitality and standard. Although the company offers the convenience of online service but with experience the company has realized that the clients wants a face-to-face interaction while booking the tickets. Travel Online thus provides with an experience where the clients can enjoy both worlds and book the tickets with confidence (Ilic et al., 2012). Moreover, the clients should book tickets with Travel Online since the company has highly trained consultant who are always ready and prompt in offering personal as well as friendly services from the beginning until the end. The company also brings to the clients the best ever online deals and enable the clients to compare the prices of the competitors with the help of TravelOnline Price Promise (Amaro Duarte, 2015). The company is not only easily accessible but is also more convenient as clients can avail the services through phone, fax, email and chat. The company also facilitates the clients to meet the travel needs of the clients via an email. Thus, clients can choose and book flights, car rental, cruising, accommodation and insurance by sending a mail. The company also provides making secure online payments through Paycorp Payment solutions that makes use of latest PCI complaint SSL encryption technology. Supply Chain Management from the Source to the Customer The focus of supply chain management is mainly on the elimination of the waste involved chain and improvement of customer service (Christopher, 2016). The abolition of waste refers to the time needed for waiting, production and inventory of non-ordered products that ensures lowering of cost. Improvement in customer service however refers to the processes that are interlinked that leads to preferred suppliers and an improved turnover and better productivity. In the context of tourism, supply chain management also plays an important in delivering quality services that involves reduced or minimum gaps (Gopalakrishnan et al., 2012). The Supply chain management approach also leads to improvements in customer service in terms of inventory management, transportation system and distribution networks the enables organizations in meeting or even exceeding the expectations of the customers. However, the supply chain involving the tourism companies like TravelOnline involves various components l ike accommodation, excursions and transport, restaurants and bars, food production, disposal of waste and the infrastructure supporting tourism in various destinations (Barney, 2012). They become a part of holiday product that tourist expects when they book a holiday. However, in a tourism supply chain quality depends on performance. The activities of the customers about sourcing them in certain situations and the way they plan to behave while on a holiday represent an important aspect of tourism supply chain. However, the main strategies of the supply chain include strategies for sourcing, distribution, inventory, manufacturing, customer service and integration (Miemczyk, Johnsen, Macquet, 2012). However, in tourism the products and services include hotels, transport, accommodation and destination. Making or buying decision: The services delivered by TravelOnline outsourced directly through their site thereby improving their operations and reducing their cost. Manufacturing Management: The manufacturing component in tourism is only limited to sectors like craft and food, gifts and memento. However, in tourism, services processed at every stage (Mangan Lalwani, 2016). In this regard, TravelOnline also ensures various services like immigration waiting time and visa processing to ensure maximum traveler satisfaction. However, the company makes sure of not only providing security to the tourists but also ensures safe environment once the tourist reaches their destination. Capacity Management: In tourism, capacity management refers to situations that involve instability of the demand where there are situations when demand exceeds the supply in sectors like the airlines and the hotels. However, TravelOnline tries to meet the excessive demand through increase in capacity by introduction of additional flights at exceptional rates. Strategy for Distribution The distribution strategy in tourism industry has impacts that are far reaching and directly affect the development of the industry. Thus, in tourism industry it is very necessary for having sound channel decisions so that the starting and end process of marketing is efficiently and effectively managed (Ahi Searcy, 2013). Four kinds of sales distribution exist for tourism that includes two-stage system, three-stage system and four stage system. However, for the two-stage system, TravelOnline involves a single intermediary known as the travel agent. Sometimes two intermediaries include the wholesaler or tour operator and the retail travel agent. For the four-stage system, TravelOnline involves a travel agent but also additional people who are responsible for developing tour packages. In tourism inventory refers to the constraints and opportunities put forward by the local authorities in attracting tourists. However, number of activities, attractions, things seen and done by visitors hold a specific importance in this context. However, poor quality facilities will make discourage the visitors from choosing the location (Wathne Heide, 2013). Thus, TravelOnline makes sure that they provide quality service to the visitors. Similarly, lack of transportation and accommodation n facilities provided will discourage the visitors from traveling to the destined location. The company therefore makes sure that they provide the necessary facilities for attracting their clients. Thus, there should be an inventory of activities, attractions, accommodation and transport provided by the company so that it not only matches with the demand of the victors but also ensures satisfaction. TravelOnline not only prioritizes the requirements of the tourist but also ensures meeting their a ctivity sectors and attraction. The objective of Tourism Company is ensuring 100% happiness of the customers. Thus, TravelOnline provides sufficient option for accommodation, flight details and attractive tourist spots. Thus, the company also has right systems in place for achieving the goals so that customer satisfaction ensured. Strategy for Integration: The integration strategy of Supply Chain ensures linkage between entities of business present in supply chain. However, tour operators in tourism not only serve as distributors but also producers. Thus, efficiency in supply chain ensures that manufactures suppliers, customers and distribution channels linked in a manner so that they form a chain in developing and delivering products as an organization with pooled skills and resources. Thus, efficiency in the integration process refers to the greatness and success of supply chain system. In this context, the tour operator needs for effectively integrating all the services for designing the output for gaining a competitive advantage. Therefore, TravelOnline effectively manages the supply chain tuning the services provided with the habits and needs of the users. The accommodation facilities are an important aspect in determining the supply chain of tourism. The location factors considered important for the management of hotel services. Therefore, TravelOnline suggests hotels that are not only easily accessible but have well trained staffs who are trustworthy (Tigu Calaretu, 2013). The company provides options for various grades of hotels for accommodating all segments of tourists. However, the comfort and accessibility of the user is a determining factor in having a satisfying experience. The company also makes sure that the tourist can avail all the facilities while booking the hotels. Every ingredient of Tourism fails to get positive response if the tourist does not feel the comfort while travelling to the destination. Thus, there should be transport facilities made available to the tourist. TravelOnline thus makes private transportation facilities available for the guests. In addition to this, the company also makes sure that the service offered is not only safe but also convenient, fast and economic. Food and crafts generate profits for local population when local producers are able to meet delivery and volume production (Xu Gursoy, 2015). Thus, there have been cases when tour operators have made local food and crafts as a part of their packages to enhance tourist attraction. The company mentioned in the report has done similar thing. In addition to providing food and crafts as a part of the package, the company also makes sure they maintain quality, quantity and reliability of the supply. However, promotion of local sourcing requires investment, technical support and training and there is the need of meeting the reliability and quality standards. In the context of tourism, destination refers to the services and infrastructure provided by the company. Thus, initiatives for destination for ensuring sustainability in tourism lead to improvement in the quality of infrastructure that includes improving facilities for waste management, transport and ensuring programs of awareness on management of waste that will increase the number of destinations travelled by the tourists (Song, 2012). Thus, TravelOnline makes various offerings to the tourist in the form of packages for encouraging them to travel and enhance the economic prospects of the company. Linkage Between the Company activities and (Managing Strategic Resources and Operations) theories Sustainability throughout the value chain In Tourism value chain analysis focuses on providing an understanding on the operation of flow of tourism economics, the share of tourism expenditure that reaches different people in different location and ensure a segment through the analysis by specifying the young , women, poor and rich. The segmentation also helps in identification of long, medium and short term potential interventions that are responsible for increasing the economic benefits of the target group or lead to contribution of the general competitive development of the destination meant for tourism (Gereffi Fernandez-Stark, 2016). Thus, the approach of value chain refers to a methodology that not only analyses but also appropriately selects a complete value chain that engages key actors of the private sector actors facilitating strengthening and establishment of commercially or sustainable viable solutions. These solutions are only market based but also provided by the actors in the private sector in creating impacts that are economically positive for the target population. Thus, the chosen travel company supports market-based solutions that help it in gaining sustainable solutions to opportunities and constraints avoid distortions of the market, expand its outreach to a large of providers and looking at solutions that might already exist in private sector. However, the activities of the company in following a sustainable value chain approach also ensure certain advantages that are as follows: Promotion of coordination among actors in the market Helps in identifying the interventions that addresses the bottlenecks and helps in strengthening the entire chain Helps the company in focusing the specific business needs to the targeted sector Helps in focusing on sectors with substantial potential for affecting the target population Conclusion The report concludes in the light of providing a linkage between the activities of the company and sustainability throughout the value chain. In explaining this, a brief description of value chain mentioned. The report also discusses about the supply chain management of the company to the source to the consumer. In dealing with this, the report discusses about the various strategies adopted in value chain analysis and describes them vividly in the context of the company. There is also a brief overview about the company mentioned in the report. References: Ahi, P., Searcy, C. (2013). A comparative literature analysis of definitions for green and sustainable supply chain management.Journal of Cleaner Production,52, 329-341. Amaro, S., Duarte, P. (2015). An integrative model of consumers' intentions to purchase travel online.Tourism management,46, 64-79. Barney, J. B. (2012). Purchasing, supply chain management and sustained competitive advantage: The relevance of resource?based theory.Journal of supply chain management,48(2), 3-6. Bundy, A. Measurement Techniques; Performance IDELCTIFIERS Australia; Information Value;* Value Analysis. Christopher, M. (2016).Logistics supply chain management. Pearson UK. Gereffi, G., Fernandez-Stark, K. (2016). Global value chain analysis: a primer. Ghosh, D., Goodall, H. (2012). Unauthorised Voyagers across Two Oceans: Africans, Indians and Aborigines in Australia.African Communities in Asia and the Mediterranean: Identities between Integration and Conflict. Gopalakrishnan, K., Yusuf, Y. Y., Musa, A., Abubakar, T., Ambursa, H. M. (2012). Sustainable supply chain management: A case study of British Aerospace (BAe) Systems.International Journal of Production Economics,140(1), 193-203. Ilic, M., Spalevic, Z., Veinovic, M., Spalevic, Z. Electronic services for tourist destination reservations. Lukaitis, A., Davey, B. (2012). Web design for mature-aged travellers: readability as a design issue.Journal of Marketing Development and Competitiveness,6(2), 69. Mangan, J., Lalwani, C. (2016).Global logistics and supply chain management. John Wiley Sons. Miemczyk, J., Johnsen, T. E., Macquet, M. (2012). Sustainable purchasing and supply management: a structured literature review of definitions and measures at the dyad, chain and network levels.Supply Chain Management: An International Journal,17(5), 478-496. Song, H. (2012).Tourism supply chain management(Vol. 23). Routledge. Tigu, G., Calaretu, B. (2013). Supply chain management performance in tourism continental hotels chain case.Amfiteatru economic,15(33), 103. Wathne, K. H., Heide, J. B. (2013, May). Relationship governance in a supply chain network. American Marketing Association. Xu, X., Gursoy, D. (2015). A conceptual framework of sustainable hospitality supply chain management.Journal of Hospitality Marketing Management,24(3), 229-259.

The Jungle by Upton Sinclair

Upon Sinclair’s book The Jungle is as a powerful piece of literature. It dwells on the lives of Northern Europe immigrants who moved to Chicago in search of greener pastures. Specifically, the novel is based on daily life experiences by Jurgus Rudkus and his family. The author paints a dark picture of exploitation, poverty, and corruption on the lives of these immigrants in Chicago.Advertising We will write a custom thesis sample on ‘The Jungle’ by Upton Sinclair specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thus, this reflective treatise attempts to explicitly analyze the reasons why Jurgis and his family initially had optimism of better position in Chicago meat packing district. Besides, the paper attempts to address efforts taken by Jurgis and his family to achieve economic stability in Chicago. In addition, the treatise discusses factors which directly contributed to the destruction of the family’s economic gains . In chapter one, Jurgis and his family are living in poverty and are prisoners of economic hardship. As expected, weeding ceremonies are meant to bring joy and happiness to a family. However, cost of a weeding is the key determinant of its success. Most young men are described as stingy including Jurgis. They are surrounded by anguish, sorrow, emotional overwrought and fearful mental strain as a result of poverty1. The nights are described as their only source of pleasure since the following day is marked by hard labor. The struggle is impractical to maintain humanity amidst dehumanization. From the stories of friends who had made it in Chicago, Jurgis’ optimism rejuvenates. He epitomizes internal strength and an indomitable spirit to work hard and liberate his family economically. Jurgis’ physical strength and peasant mind drives him to move to Chicago with the hope of better opportunities for him and his family2. Fortunately, once in America, Jurgis gets employment in the meatpacking without much struggle and he is able to fend for the family comfortably. Therefore, Jurgis was overjoyed by the prospects of getting a reliable job and he is convinced of making a descent living. In fact, they were able buy a small and rickety house with their little earnings. The optimism was as a result of enthusiasm and strong possibility of living the American dream. Notwithstanding the poverty back in Northern Europe, Jurgus and his family did several things overcome absolute penury and liberate themselves economically. To begin with, they migrated from Northern Europe to escape poverty and move to America following stories of success from a fellow villager called Jokubus.Advertising Looking for thesis on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The family makes a journey of faith in search of greener pasture instead of staying and acceptinh poverty as a fate in Europe. Once in America, Jurg is makes contact with the established and ‘rich’ Jokubus and he is directed to the local stock pack house in Chicago2. Jurgis finds a stable job in the meat house within hours. Jurgis is overjoyed and inspired by the success of his fellow village mate Jokubus, who is a very successful ‘delicatessen’ owner. In spite of the fact that Jurgis got a job within moments due to his strong physique, other members of the family endeavor to graciously accept job positions offered indiscriminately notwithstanding the unfriendly and inhuman stipulations surrounding work conditions3. At the end of the day, each member of the family would earn some income. Due to constant and reliable flow of little income, the family makes a bold step to locate an affordable house and purchase the same. Owning a house is a major stride towards achieving the American dream that was deep in the heart of Jargis. Each member of this family endeavored to achieve the dream of owning a house by pulling resources together to purchase one. Notwithstanding the tricks played by fraudsters during the process of purchasing the house, members of this family graciously continue to pay the exorbitant rates in form of insurance fees3. Besides the high insurance fees, the family has to squeeze their budget further to accommodate high monthly mortgage charges until the house fully becomes theirs. To maintain income flow, Sinclair describes the inhuman and horrendous conditions of each member of the family have to endure. â€Å"From the nature of disease affecting a laborer, it was easy for Jurgis to tell the occupation and section of employment of the victim.†3 Despite this, Jurgis continues to work under these pathetic conditions in order to fend for the family and keep the American dream in progress. As a matter of fact, Jurgis even loses his father to an illness associated with his place of work at the cellar as described in chapter 143. After losing his job position to a y ounger and stronger man, Jurgis is disillusioned to the lowest ranked fertilizing plant job with even more worse working conditions. The same happens to other family members who regardless of the unbearable conditions, continue to provide labor in the market. In summary, the family believed in provision of labor through employment as means for economic liberation. In spite of earning peanuts as income, they managed to own a house and endure the inhuman work conditions. Factors which were responsible for destruction of the hard won economic gains in the Jurgis family are fraud, selfishness, underemployment, diseases, and paltry payment against excessive work. The family managed to buy a house and only realized later that the whole process of changing ownership was a fraud. The family was tricked by the selfish sellers to buy an old house repainted as new. Besides, the family had to cope up with unrealistic insurance charges because the house was located over a land fill.Advertising We will write a custom thesis sample on ‘The Jungle’ by Upton Sinclair specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In addition, the mortgage charges per month were not directly proportional to the quality and estate value of their small and rickety house4. They are described as exorbitant and carry along erroneous rates with them. The family merely struggles to offset these bills besides buying second hand goods at unreasonable price. Reportedly, prices of food stuff are beyond their means and they are forced to stretch this small budget further and neglect most of their basic needs. Notwithstanding the fact that members of this family had unreliable jobs, a part from Jurgis, they had to squeeze the budget further to accommodate treatment which was not catered for by their employers though these illnesses were associated with place of work. Diseases played a big role towards the dwindling rates of the family’s income. Aft er Ona gave birth to a son; named after the late Jurgis’ father, she is forced to resume work only a week after delivery4. The winter weather becomes unbearable to her and she fades away from productive life. Moreover, Jurgis lost his father to illness. This translated to loss of income from his father’s contribution to the family. Besides, Ona’s income contribution also ‘faded off’ when she lost her ability to engage in productive labor and she is forced to engage in prostitution. As described in chapter 10, Sinclair states that, â€Å"Here was a population, low-class and mostly foreign, hanging always on the verge of starvation, and dependent for its opportunities of life upon the whim of men every bit as brutal and unscrupulous as the old-time slave drivers†5. Unfortunately, Jurgis’ income was also cut during the three month period out of labor market as a result of illness and depression. Regardless of having tried to hide pain ori ginating from the fracture on his leg, the doctor recommended him to stay out of productive employment for three months to recover. These three months formed the worst part of financial meltdown in the family as Jurgis lacked income for the same period. Upon recovery, he is demoted to a lower income earning job in the fertilizing plant since his position had been taken by a man described as younger and stronger. Unfortunately, Jargis failed ‘to pull himself back’ to productive employment and he was wasted away by depression, prison life, and alcoholism. Out of ignorance, the family completely lost its control of financial arms since none belonged to the workers’ union. Bibliography Sinclair, Upton. The Jungle. Chicago and Princeton: New Jersey, 1906.Advertising Looking for thesis on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Footnotes 1 Upton Sinclair, The Jungle, (Chicago and Princeton: New Jersey, 1906), chapter 1-20. 2 Upton Sinclair, The Jungle, (Chicago and Princeton: New Jersey, 1906), chapter 1-20. 3 Upton Sinclair, The Jungle, (Chicago and Princeton: New Jersey, 1906), chapter 1-20. 4 Upton Sinclair, The Jungle, (Chicago and Princeton: New Jersey, 1906), chapter 1-20. 5 Upton Sinclair, The Jungle, (Chicago and Princeton: New Jersey, 1906), chapter 1-20. 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